{"id":105681,"date":"2025-07-07T11:49:54","date_gmt":"2025-07-07T11:49:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/council.science\/?post_type=publications&#038;p=105681"},"modified":"2025-07-17T09:20:28","modified_gmt":"2025-07-17T09:20:28","slug":"strengthening-the-biological-weapons-convention","status":"publish","type":"publications","link":"https:\/\/council.science\/publications\/strengthening-the-biological-weapons-convention\/","title":{"rendered":"Strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention through science"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) currently lacks a structured mechanism to systematically review developments in science and technology. To support stronger science-policy engagement, the International Science Council (ISC) <a href=\"https:\/\/council.science\/news\/announcing-isc-expert-group-biological-weapons-convention\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">convened an Expert Group<\/a> in 2024 and 2025 to provide independent scientific input to the Working Group on the Strengthening of the Convention. The <a href=\"https:\/\/council.science\/our-work\/science-biological-weapons-convention\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">project<\/a> responds to a call from the Ninth BWC Review Conference to better integrate science into the implementation of the Convention with a focus on compliance and verification, international cooperation and assistance, and Science &amp; Technology.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three discussion papers synthesize the Expert Group&#8217;s reflections and recommendations to support BWC States Parties and broader stakeholders.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hear directly from members of the ISC Expert Group about their recommendations and the role of science in strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention through science\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RP3O7ju3hho?feature=oembed\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n    <div class=\"video-cover\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/RP3O7ju3hho\/sddefault.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"video-cover__image\">        <div class=\"video-cover__play\">\n            <span class=\"icon icon-play\"><\/span>\n            <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Play video<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Thematic papers<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Strengthening compliance and verification under the biological weapons convention<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This paper outlines a practical, science-informed framework for compliance and verification under the BWC. It proposes tools and indicators to support risk assessment, detection and deterrence of biological weapons, and introduces a sliding scale to evaluate levels of compliance based on national capacities.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:20%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_BWC.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1588\" height=\"2246\" src=\"https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_PDF_Page_01.jpg?_t=1751637114\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-105688\" srcset=\"https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_PDF_Page_01.jpg 1588w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_PDF_Page_01-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_PDF_Page_01-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_PDF_Page_01-71x100.jpg 71w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_PDF_Page_01-768x1086.jpg 768w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_PDF_Page_01-1086x1536.jpg 1086w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_PDF_Page_01-1448x2048.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_PDF_Page_01-141x200.jpg 141w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_PDF_Page_01-600x849.jpg 600w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_PDF_Page_01-256x362.jpg 256w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_PDF_Page_01-383x542.jpg 383w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1588px) 100vw, 1588px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:80%\">\n<p><strong><strong>Strengthening compliance and verification under the biological weapons convention<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DOI: 10.24948\/2025.02<br>Publication date: 07 July 2025<br>Publisher: International Science Council<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\"><div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Compliance-and-verification_BWC.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-content=\"Download\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Strengthening international cooperation and assistance under the biological weapons convention<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Focusing on Article X of the BWC, this paper provides guidance to enhance international cooperation and assistance efforts to enhance biosafety and biosecurity. It outlines mechanisms to identify and respond to capacity building needs, improve oversight of projects and prioritization of funding, and promote scientific collaboration, emphasizing the need for equitable access to resources, technology and knowledge.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:20%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/International-cooperation-and-assistance_BWC.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1191\" height=\"1684\" src=\"https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/International-cooperation-and-assistance-0207_Page_01.jpg?_t=1751637907\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-105690\" srcset=\"https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/International-cooperation-and-assistance-0207_Page_01.jpg 1191w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/International-cooperation-and-assistance-0207_Page_01-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/International-cooperation-and-assistance-0207_Page_01-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/International-cooperation-and-assistance-0207_Page_01-71x100.jpg 71w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/International-cooperation-and-assistance-0207_Page_01-768x1086.jpg 768w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/International-cooperation-and-assistance-0207_Page_01-1086x1536.jpg 1086w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/International-cooperation-and-assistance-0207_Page_01-141x200.jpg 141w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/International-cooperation-and-assistance-0207_Page_01-600x848.jpg 600w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/International-cooperation-and-assistance-0207_Page_01-256x362.jpg 256w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/International-cooperation-and-assistance-0207_Page_01-383x542.jpg 383w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1191px) 100vw, 1191px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:80%\">\n<p><strong><strong>Strengthening international cooperation and assistance under the biological weapons convention<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DOI: 10.24948\/2025.06<br>Publication date: 07 July 2025<br>Publisher: International Science Council<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\"><div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/International-cooperation-and-assistance_BWC.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-content=\"Download\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Strengthening science and technology under the biological weapons convention<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This paper provides key considerations for designing and implementing a scientific advisory mechanism under the BWC under consideration by State Parties. It includes recommendations on the design and governance of the mechanism, and the prioritization of scientific topics to inform policy and ensure timely, credible and transparent science advice to support the treaty implementation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:20%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Science-and-technology_BWC.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1191\" height=\"1684\" src=\"https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Science-and-technology_PDF_Page_01.jpg?_t=1751637983\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-105689\" srcset=\"https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Science-and-technology_PDF_Page_01.jpg 1191w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Science-and-technology_PDF_Page_01-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Science-and-technology_PDF_Page_01-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Science-and-technology_PDF_Page_01-71x100.jpg 71w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Science-and-technology_PDF_Page_01-768x1086.jpg 768w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Science-and-technology_PDF_Page_01-1086x1536.jpg 1086w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Science-and-technology_PDF_Page_01-141x200.jpg 141w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Science-and-technology_PDF_Page_01-600x848.jpg 600w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Science-and-technology_PDF_Page_01-256x362.jpg 256w, https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Science-and-technology_PDF_Page_01-383x542.jpg 383w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1191px) 100vw, 1191px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:80%\">\n<p><strong><strong>Strengthening science and technology under the biological weapons convention<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DOI: 10.24948\/2025.07<br>Publication date: 30 June 2025<br>Publisher: International Science Council<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\"><div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/council.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Science-and-technology_BWC.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-content=\"Download\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Picture by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.istockphoto.com\/fr\/portfolio\/mikkelwilliam?mediatype=photography\">mikkelwilliam<\/a> on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.istockphoto.com\/\">iStock<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-gray-light-2-background-color has-background\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<style id=\"wpforms-css-vars-63267\">\n\t\t\t\t#wpforms-63267 {\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t<\/style><div class=\"wpforms-container wpforms-container-full wpforms-render-modern\" id=\"wpforms-63267\"><form id=\"wpforms-form-63267\" class=\"wpforms-validate wpforms-form wpforms-ajax-form\" data-formid=\"63267\" method=\"post\" enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\" action=\"\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publications\/105681\" data-token=\"428a38ae0c96e11048e295127844aa52\" data-token-time=\"1760932253\"><noscript class=\"wpforms-error-noscript\">Please enable JavaScript in your browser to 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